Arthroscopy (or arthroscopic surgery) is a surgical procedure in which physicians examine and treat the interior of joints. Specifically, they can view the shoulder, knee, hip, elbow, wrist, ankle, and foot joints. Typically, an endoscope is inserted into the joint; this is minimally-invasive and has a short recovery period. It is especially useful for athletes.
Arthritis is joint damage in the human body; there are many different conditions that fall under the category of arthritis, including osteoarthritis (degeneration of joints) and septic arthritis (infection of joints). Patients typically experience pain in the back, neck, hips, knees, feet, and/or wrists. Often physicians can prescribe palliative treatments as well as recommend lifestyle changes (physical exercise has proven effective).
Anorexia nervosa (known commonly as simply “anorexia”) is an eating disorder. Sufferers’ symptoms include a refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and obsessive-compulsive tendencies to avoid gaining weight. It is a serious mental illness and has been known to occur in people regardless of gender, age, or socioeconomic factors.
Ano-rectal problems include hemorrhoids, fissures, or fistulas. These problems can often be fixed through minor lifestyle changes (eating more fiber, drinking more water, or changing personal hygeine habits). Sometimes, however, the severity of the condition can necessitate surgery. It is performed under regional anesthesia and requires a night’s hospital stay.
Autism is a neural disorder in which sufferers display social and communicative impairment. Common signs and symptoms include repetitive behaviors, repeated words and phrases, and confusion in reading or displaying emotions. The cause of autism is unknown; however, there appears to be a genetic basis. Specialists who treat autism can be psychologists or behavioral therapists.
Audiology is a branch of science and medicine concerned with hearing, the ears, balance, and all related disorders and conditions. Physicians in this field are trained to perform hearing tests and determine what procedures can repair, restore, or improve a patient’s hearing. Such procedures include hearing aids and cochlear implants. Audiologists work with both kids and adults alike.
Anatomic pathology is a branch of medicine that focuses on diagnosing disease based on a microscopic examination of organs and tissues. The specialty encompasses a wide variety of other fields, including surgical pathology and forensic pathology.
Anatomic pathology is a branch of medicine that focuses on diagnosing disease based on a microscopic examination of organs and tissues. The specialty encompasses a wide variety of other fields, including surgical pathology and forensic pathology.
In medicine, amputation occurs when a surgeon must remove a patient’s limb(s) to prevent the spread of disease. Amputation can also be unintentional/accidental. Artifical limbs are prostheses that replace amputated limbs.
Amphetamines are psychostimulant drugs; they are often associated with increased energy and decreased appetite. They are used clinically to treat ADHD and some symptoms of brain traumas. They have also been used recreationally, under the slang terms speed and crank.
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